快速导览

前提条件：你必须安装并运行Apache Kafka。 然后你必须为阿帕奇·卡夫卡（春-卡夫卡） JAR及其对你阶级路径的所有依赖。 最简单的方法是在你的构建工具中声明一个依赖。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

如果你没有使用Spring Boot，请声明春-卡夫卡将 jar 作为你项目中的依赖。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
  <version>4.0.0</version>
</dependency>
compile 'org.springframework.kafka:spring-kafka:4.0.0'
使用Spring Boot时（如果你还没用 start.spring.io 创建项目），省略版本，Boot会自动导入与你Boot版本兼容的正确版本： 
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
</dependency>
implementation 'org.springframework.kafka:spring-kafka'

不过，最快的入门方式是使用 start.spring.io（或 Spring Tool Suits 和 Intellij IDEA 中的向导）创建一个项目，选择“Spring for Apache Kafka”作为依赖。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

兼容性

这个快速导览适用于以下版本：spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

开始

最简单的入门方式是使用 start.spring.io（或 Spring Tool Suits 和 Intellij IDEA 中的向导）创建一个项目，选择“Spring for Apache Kafka”作为依赖。 有关其对基础设施豆的主观自动配置的更多信息，请参阅 Spring Boot 文档。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

这里有一个最小的消费者应用。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

Spring Boot 消费者应用

应用
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public NewTopic topic() {
        return TopicBuilder.name("topic1")
                .partitions(10)
                .replicas(1)
                .build();
    }

    @KafkaListener(id = "myId", topics = "topic1")
    public void listen(String in) {
        System.out.println(in);
    }

}
@SpringBootApplication
class Application {

    @Bean
    fun topic() = NewTopic("topic1", 10, 1)

    @KafkaListener(id = "myId", topics = ["topic1"])
    fun listen(value: String?) {
        println(value)
    }

}

fun main(args: Array<String>) = runApplication<Application>(*args)
application.properties
spring.kafka.consumer.auto-offset-reset=earliest

这新主题Bean会在经纪人上创建话题;如果该主题已经存在，则无需使用。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

Spring Boot Producer 应用

应用
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public NewTopic topic() {
        return TopicBuilder.name("topic1")
                .partitions(10)
                .replicas(1)
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public ApplicationRunner runner(KafkaTemplate<String, String> template) {
        return args -> {
            template.send("topic1", "test");
        };
    }

}
@SpringBootApplication
class Application {

    @Bean
    fun topic() = NewTopic("topic1", 10, 1)

    @Bean
    fun runner(template: KafkaTemplate<String, String>) =
        ApplicationRunner { template.send("topic1", "test") }
    
    companion object {
        @JvmStatic
        fun main(args: Array<String>) = runApplication<Application>(*args)
    }

}

使用 Java 配置（无 Spring 启动）

Apache Kafka 的 Spring 设计用于 Spring 应用上下文。 例如，如果你自己在 Spring 上下文之外创建监听器容器，除非满足所有...意识到的容器实现的接口。

这里有一个不使用 Spring Boot 的应用程序示例;它同时具有消费者和制作人.spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

无Spring靴
public class Sender {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
        context.getBean(Sender.class).send("test", 42);
    }

    private final KafkaTemplate<Integer, String> template;

    public Sender(KafkaTemplate<Integer, String> template) {
        this.template = template;
    }

    public void send(String toSend, int key) {
        this.template.send("topic1", key, toSend);
    }

}

public class Listener {

    @KafkaListener(id = "listen1", topics = "topic1")
    public void listen1(String in) {
        System.out.println(in);
    }

}

@Configuration
@EnableKafka
public class Config {

    @Bean
    ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<Integer, String>
                        kafkaListenerContainerFactory(ConsumerFactory<Integer, String> consumerFactory) {
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<Integer, String> factory =
                                new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
        factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory);
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public ConsumerFactory<Integer, String> consumerFactory() {
        return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerProps());
    }

    private Map<String, Object> consumerProps() {
        Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:9092");
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "group");
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, IntegerDeserializer.class);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG, "earliest");
        // ...
        return props;
    }

    @Bean
    public Sender sender(KafkaTemplate<Integer, String> template) {
        return new Sender(template);
    }

    @Bean
    public Listener listener() {
        return new Listener();
    }

    @Bean
    public ProducerFactory<Integer, String> producerFactory() {
        return new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(senderProps());
    }

    private Map<String, Object> senderProps() {
        Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
        props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:9092");
        props.put(ProducerConfig.LINGER_MS_CONFIG, 10);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, IntegerSerializer.class);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
        //...
        return props;
    }

    @Bean
    public KafkaTemplate<Integer, String> kafkaTemplate(ProducerFactory<Integer, String> producerFactory) {
        return new KafkaTemplate<>(producerFactory);
    }

}
class Sender(private val template: KafkaTemplate<Int, String>) {

    fun send(toSend: String, key: Int) {
        template.send("topic1", key, toSend)
    }

}

class Listener {

    @KafkaListener(id = "listen1", topics = ["topic1"])
    fun listen1(`in`: String) {
        println(`in`)
    }

}

@Configuration
@EnableKafka
class Config {

    @Bean
    fun kafkaListenerContainerFactory(consumerFactory: ConsumerFactory<Int, String>) =
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<Int, String>().apply {
            setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory)
        }

    @Bean
    fun consumerFactory() = DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<Int, String>(consumerProps)

    val consumerProps = mapOf(
        ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG to "localhost:9092",
        ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG to "group",
        ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG to IntegerDeserializer::class.java,
        ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG to StringDeserializer::class.java,
        ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG to "earliest"
    )

    @Bean
    fun sender(template: KafkaTemplate<Int, String>) = Sender(template)

    @Bean
    fun listener() = Listener()

    @Bean
    fun producerFactory() = DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<Int, String>(senderProps)

    val senderProps = mapOf(
        ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG to "localhost:9092",
        ProducerConfig.LINGER_MS_CONFIG to 10,
        ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG to IntegerSerializer::class.java,
        ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG to StringSerializer::class.java
    )

    @Bean
    fun kafkaTemplate(producerFactory: ProducerFactory<Int, String>) = KafkaTemplate(producerFactory)

}

如你所见，当不使用 Spring Boot 时，你必须定义多个基础设施节点。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn