对于最新稳定版本，请使用 Spring Boot 4.0.4！spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

HTTP 客户端

Spring Boot 提供了多个与 HTTP 客户端配合使用的 starter。本节解答有关使用它们的相关问题。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

配置 RestTemplate 以使用代理

正如RestTemplate 自定义中所述，您可以使用带有RestTemplateBuilder的RestTemplateCustomizer来构建一个自定义的RestTemplate。这是创建配置为使用代理的RestTemplate的推荐方法。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

代理配置的具体细节取决于所使用的底层客户端请求工厂。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

配置由基于 Reactor Netty 的 WebClient 使用的 TcpClient

当 Reactor Netty 在类路径上时，会自动配置一个基于 Reactor Netty 的 WebClient。要自定义客户端对网络连接的处理，请提供一个 ClientHttpConnector Bean。以下示例配置了 60 秒的连接超时，并添加了一个 ReadTimeoutHandler：spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

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import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.handler.timeout.ReadTimeoutHandler;
import reactor.netty.http.client.HttpClient;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.client.ReactorResourceFactory;
import org.springframework.http.client.reactive.ClientHttpConnector;
import org.springframework.http.client.reactive.ReactorClientHttpConnector;

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
public class MyReactorNettyClientConfiguration {

	@Bean
	ClientHttpConnector clientHttpConnector(ReactorResourceFactory resourceFactory) {
		HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.create(resourceFactory.getConnectionProvider())
				.runOn(resourceFactory.getLoopResources())
				.option(ChannelOption.CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, 60000)
				.doOnConnected((connection) -> connection.addHandlerLast(new ReadTimeoutHandler(60)));
		return new ReactorClientHttpConnector(httpClient);
	}

}

import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption
import io.netty.handler.timeout.ReadTimeoutHandler
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration
import org.springframework.http.client.reactive.ClientHttpConnector
import org.springframework.http.client.reactive.ReactorClientHttpConnector
import org.springframework.http.client.ReactorResourceFactory
import reactor.netty.http.client.HttpClient

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
class MyReactorNettyClientConfiguration {

	@Bean
	fun clientHttpConnector(resourceFactory: ReactorResourceFactory): ClientHttpConnector {
		val httpClient = HttpClient.create(resourceFactory.connectionProvider)
			.runOn(resourceFactory.loopResources)
			.option(ChannelOption.CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, 60000)
			.doOnConnected { connection ->
				connection.addHandlerLast(ReadTimeoutHandler(60))
			}
		return ReactorClientHttpConnector(httpClient)
	}

}

请注意为连接提供程序和事件循环资源使用 ReactorResourceFactory。这可确保接收请求的服务器和发出请求的客户端高效地共享资源。